A ready to mold, reinforcing material, either fiber, fabric, or mat that is fully impregnated with resin and in some cases partially cured. A fundamental weave characterized by diagonal lines produced by a series of floats staggered in the warp direction. In episode 13 of the Denimhunters Podcast, Thomas explains 18 terms from the vocabulary listed on this page. (Both fibre and fiber are used in this article.) Log in here for access. Usually expressed as %. A cord, round steel wire, or thin flat steel strip with a loop or eye near the center through which one or more warp threads pass on the loom, so that the yarn movement may be controlled in weaving. Developing new ways of looking and working is an important aspect of textiles practice. Cloth may be formed out of any textile fiber, wire, or material. An architectural plan. 1. En savoir plus. A yarn composed of continuous filaments assembled with or without twist. A stop-motion device utilizing metal wires suspended from warp or creeled yarns. The amount shrinkage of a fiber measured in dry air vs. that measured in its saturated state. The number of filling yarns per row of tufts. The open flame is then extinguished and continued flaming time and char-length of the sample are measured. Any single filament of a manufactured fiber, usually of a denier higher than 14. A fastener with nut/To attach something with a bolt. The yarns are prepared as warps on beams with one or more yarns for each needle. Each crosswise length is called a pick. A horizontal measurement of a material. A system of weaving that utilizes a highly versatile pattern mechanism to permit the production of large, intricate designs and (at Bally Ribbon Mills) shapes. A unit of matter, natural or manufactured, that forms the basic element of fabrics and other textile structures. Weakening or deterioration caused by exposure to ultraviolet rays of sunlight or artificial light. Two ends woven as one in a fabric. The world continues to think of the future and how to stay sustainable, with the fashion industry being at the center of it all. A tool used for sweeping. A term used to describe a plastic material that is permanently fusible, i.e. The architects submitted a blueprint yesterday. Hard or soft constructions in which the fibers themselves are consolidated to form structures rather than being formed into yarns. Below are some of the most commonly used terms. The force required beginning, or continuing a tear in a fabric under specified conditions. A rippler is used to pull the fibers away from the seeds. Any heavy, strongly made woven canvas, linen, jute, polyester, nylon, aramid, etc. SWEEP. Rather than a group of filaments being extruded through spinnerets to form a yarn, monofilaments generally are spun individually. 1. Before we dive into the words that the textile industry uses, we need to know what a textile is! A fabric that contains a blended yarn in both the warp and filling direction. The set of yarn in all woven fabrics, that runs lengthwise and parallel to the selvage and is interwoven with the filling. A term applied to materials that are impermeable to water; waterproof fabrics have all of their pores closed and are also impermeable to air making them uncomfortable to wear. On a sewing machine, loaded bobbins are clipped onto the machine, and the thread unwinds itself as it is being used to stitch together garments. The weight, in grams, of 9000 meters of yarn. A texturing procedure in which S and Z twist are alternately inserted in the yarn by means of a special heating apparatus. Put-Up is usually described in terms of length, on rolls, or bulk supplied and may have standards as to how many “cuts” are allowed per roll or box. Loss of color by a fabric or yarn when immersed in water, a solvent, or similar liquid medium, as a result of improper dyeing or the use of dyes of poor quality. The interwinding of three or more strands to make a cord or narrow fabric. Consultez la traduction allemand-français de textile industry dans le dictionnaire PONS qui inclut un entraîneur de vocabulaire, les tableaux de conjugaison et les prononciations. 2. A property of perfectly elastic materials, it is the ratio of change in stress to change in strain within the elastic limits of the material. A pastime of dressing up in costume (Oxford dictionary). Used specifically to refer to the small holes in spinnerets through which the polymer flows in the manufacture of fibers. A large spool or flanged cylinder around which the warp yarn, or ends, are wound in a uniform and parallel arrangement. for making a pick during weaving. A machine used in finishing to impart a variety of surface effects to fabrics. Earn Transferable Credit & Get your Degree. The acute angle measured from the axis of the fabric or rope to a braiding yarn. A manufactured fiber in which the fiber-forming substance is any long chain synthetic polymer composed at least 85% by weight of ethylene, polyethylene, or other olefin unit. Continental style. Create an account to start this course today. The deformation in the direction of load caused by a tensile force. For any yarn or thread manufacturer, the bobbin is an invaluable tool. Yarns that develop stretch and bulk on subsequent processing. A bolt/to bolt. In business 90 years, it is known for its high quality goods, excellent customer service, and technical engineering expertise. A current look. These are the subtractive primaries used when mixing dyes and paints to make other colors. Also known as specific gravity. filtration, polishing, and absorption). For this reason, core vocabulary sheets can help educators provide adequate materials for students who need to learn vocabulary … Dry combing is the process of combing wool without using an oil. The process of applying sizing compounds. Usually expressed as a %. A light, tapered tube of wood, metal, paper, or plastic on which the filling yarn is wound for use in the shuttle during weaving. 's' : ''}}. 1. On average, the world produces 20,000 tons of cashmere annually. A property often used to facilitate dyeing. A generic term for compounds that are applied to warp yarn to bind the fiber together and to stiffen the yarn to provide better abrasion resistance. The maximum resultant internal force that resists rupture in a tension test. To get you started, this lesson will go over a handful of terminology used in the textile industry. Roll Goods. The fabric is held firmly at the edges by pins, or clips on the two chains that diverge as they advance through the heated chamber, adjusting the fabric to the desired width. The ability of textile material to maintain or return to its original geometric configuration. They control the weave pattern and shed as the harnesses are raised and lowered during weaving. One of the basic weaves, plain, satin, and twill. © copyright 2003-2021 Study.com. Originally, woven fabric; now applied generally to any one of the following; staple fibers and filaments able to be converted into woven, knit, or braided fabrics, or yarns made from natural of manufactured fibers. the ratio of the stress expressed in either force per unit linear density, or force per unit area of the original specimen, and the strain expressed as either a fraction of the original length or percentage elongation. From outdoor rugs to industrial-grade twine, Sisal is an important fiber in the textile industry. Textile Materials. A large flanged roll upon which warp yarn is wound at the beam warper in preparation for slashing. Calendering refers to rolling fabric through huge heated rollers in order to flatten it out and compress the fibers together. Resistance to fading, i.e. a fabric made from fibers of cellulose acetate. The tactile qualities of a fabric, e.g. 2. 3. A term that refers to a material with a higher than normal resistance to deformation. The test measures the ease of ignition and the rate of burning. Start-ups are typically thought of as forward-thinking, often with a relaxed atmosphere in unconventional offices. Fabrics employed in industrial processes (e.g. the direction in which the fabric is being produced by the machine. Three common tests follow: A weaving defect consisting of an end lying, or floating on the fabric surface instead of being properly woven in. The textile industry has tons of industry-specific words that students, artists, and professionals need to use in order to communicate clearly regarding producing and designing textiles. in list order from A to Z from Z to A from easy to hard from hard to easy. A plain-weave fabric with a fine, smooth, crisp hand with a lustrous appearance. 1. It guides the yarn onto the bobbin as twist is inserted into the yarn. In a double rapier machine, the yarn is passed from one rapier to the other in the middle of the fabric. These include such information as style, width, type of weave, or knit, yarns per inch in warp and fill, and weight of goods. A process of coloring fibers, yarns, or fabrics with either a natural or synthetic dye. In many cases, they have been painstakingly developed to meet a specific application. A large selection of forms for winding yarn onto. Vertical Flame Test – A test for flame resistance in which a specimen is mounted in a vertical holder and exposed to an open flame for a specific time. A construction of thread, yarn, cord, or rope in which each successive twist is in the same direction opposite the preceding twists; i.e. Crocking. A narrow woven fabric not over 8 inches in width. A machine that dries fabric to a specified width under tension. Think cotton or wool or satin. Lubricant. The spinning solution or melted polymer is forced through the holes to form fiber filaments. Cotton is a vegetable fiber that ranges from a light to dark cream color. To produce three-dimensional textiles, yarns are simultaneously woven in three directions (length, width and thickness), rather than in the conventional two. In aerospace textiles, a system of three or more yarns which are interlaced in such a way that no two yarns are twisted around each other. The strength of cotton can be increased through mercerizing, which is a caustic alkali treatment applied to the fibers. A variation of the plain weave in which two or more warp and filling yarns are woven side to side to resemble a plaited basket. One factor of a tension test is called the breaking load. Migration leading to uniform distribution of dye in a dyed material. A textile is something made by knitting, weaving, or crocheting fibers together. Liste vocabulaire anglais industrie FRANÇAIS ANGLAIS la métallurgie the metal industry à faire sur commande, à faire sur demande to make to order, to make on request à la demande (production) make to order / on request (production) à la machine to machine accumulation / retard backlog achat zéro défaut zero-defect purchase actif / passif […] It may be intentional or accidental. Nombre de questions à reviser : Inverser le sens de révision (Anglais - Français). However, the resulting fabric is brittle and fracture points may develop. NOS CONSEILS : Il est important de maîtriser le vocabulaire utilisé par les professionnels du secteur textile . A broken, untied warp yarn in a fabric. This gives the imitation of an open structure that is characteristic of leno fabrics. An operation to remove the sizing and tint used on the warp yarn in weaving and, in general, to clean the fabric prior to dyeing. In weaving the process of threading warp ends through the eyes of the heddles and the dents of the reed. A calender essentially consists of two or more heavy rollers, sometimes heated, through which the fabric is passed under heavy pressure. Industry Vocabulary Telecommunications Speaks In Its Own Language. softness, firmness, elasticity, fineness, resilience, and other qualities perceived by touch. This lesson focuses on basic terminology which will provide the groundwork for later study in more complex textile design. The face of the fabric consists almost completely of warp, or filling floats produced in the repeat of the weave. a fabric woven from goat hair and camel hair. A measure of yarn strength calculated as: 1. It is the product of the denier per filament and the number of filaments in the yarn. A generic term embracing all textile fabrics and felts. Grosgrain has a dressy appearance and is used in ribbons, vestments, and ceremonial cloths. Fabric with open construction used as base fabric in the production of coated or laminated fabrics. credit by exam that is accepted by over 1,500 colleges and universities. A relative measure of the fineness of yarns. The operation of doubling or twisting silk or manufactured filament yarn. Ability to retain strength and resist deterioration on exposure to sunlight. A device for controlling the delivery and tension of the warp during weaving. The difference in distance between two points on an unstretched fiber and the same two points when the fiber is straightened under tension. A yarn consisting of many strands, as opposed to monofilament, which is one strand. Elongation may be measured at a specific load or at the breaking point. 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The process of making a core-spun yarn. Orifice. Fabric sold on a retail basis by the running yard. Extraction. A fluoride containing manufactured fiber characterized by high chemical stability, relative inertness and high melting point. A term describing a woven fabric with the same size yarn and the same number of threads per inch in both the warp and the fill direction. Examples include; Rachel (a plain or lacy knit) and Tricot (run resistant) Knitting. A thread, known as the warp is wrapped onto the loom vertically. Think cotton or wool or satin. The joining together of two ends of yarn or cordage. 2. SLT: Textile Industry Dictionary - 1994 (CA>DE-EN-ES-FR) Entries: 675 : 36. Woven fabrics 18 inches or more in width. Dyeing The process of examining textiles for defects at any stage of manufacturing and finishing. A term used to describe a plastic that, once formed, will not melt. Study.com has thousands of articles about every Elongation is measured in units of length (inches, millimeters) or calculated as a percentage of the original specimen length. Here are fourteen eco-friendly fabrics that designers can use while designing their fashion collections. A property, such as smoothness, drape, luster, water repellency, flame retardancy, or crease resistance that is produced by 1 and/or 2. The weave controls the action of one warp yarn for the passage of one pick. The converter arranges for the finishing of the fabric. An abbreviation for Limiting Oxygen Index. Only the stems of these plants are used to make the fibers, which tend to be coarse and durable. ), BRM Finds Silver Lining in the National Pandemic Emergency. Fabric rolled up on a core after it has been produced. 2. The double-tapered take-up yarn package from draw twisting of nylon, polyester, and other melt spun yarns. A mechanical attachment on a loom that controls the harness to permit the weaving of geometric figures. A system, or pattern of intersecting warp and filling yarns. Cut your research time in half by Number of linear or square yards of fabric per pound of fiber or yarn. in English and Nutrition. Chinese>English Clothing Glossary (ZH>EN) Entries: 800 : 38. 1. Prior to the invention of synthetic indigo dyes, this rare color was reserved for expensive clothing and fabrics. This course will equip you with different ways of approaching visual exploration and help you to develop an individual creative skills base for your textiles practice. A textile is a cloth. For decoration, the process of colouring yarn or the finished material is dyeing. The product of breaking strength times the indirect yarn number. An arrangement of form or weaving designs; a decoration such as the design of woven or printed fabrics. This is a tough fiber with a tenacity of 3.5 to 4.5 grams/denier and a melting point of 165° C. It is so light in weight that it floats and is highly resistant to mechanical abuse and chemical attack. Pick and end counts are two fabric specifications needed to design a fabric. Used with an extra filling yarn during weaving, this type of standing wire controls the height of fabric pile. a sour water-soluble compound with a pH of less than 7. Broken ends can result from: slubs, knots, improper shuttle alignment, shuttle hitting the warp shed, excessive warp tension, faulty sizing, and rough reeds, heddles, dropwires, or shuttles. Twist is expressed as turns per inch (tpi), turns per meter (tpm) or turns per centimeter (tpc). heat of combustion. In linear polymeric structures, the degree of parallelism of the chain molecules. 1. Fabrics combined with other materials to form a different material (e.g. Woven Fabric. 2. Prefer to listen? Each card perforation machine may carry a large number of cards, depending upon the design, because there is a separate card for each pick in the pattern. Acetate is a textile fiber made from cellulose, the starchy, strong portion of natural materials such as wood or cotton. Contrast Cambridge Dictionary +Plus The Textile Dictionary (DE-EN-FR-IT) Entries: 190 : 20. manufactured fibers that will soften at higher temperatures. Lamberti Chemical Glossary (EN-FR-IT-PT) 19. Examples include a cone, cheese, and pineapple package. The course should take about a year to complete if you spend around 8 hours each week on it. A machine used to apply size to the warp ends, while transferring the warp yarns from section beams to the loom beam. Color changes in localized areas of a garment resulting from differential wear. This includes such operations as opening, carding, spinning, plying, twisting, texturing, coning, quilling, beaming, slashing, weaving, braiding, and knitting. The process itself and the structure of the yarn regulate their strength. Those are all textiles. In aerospace textiles, a reinforcing yarn such as graphite or glass around which two different yarns are wound. The fineness of the reed is calculated by the number of dents to the inch. Sisal is grown and produced around the world, but most commonly in Africa and South America. Textile and Clothing Products. acetate rayon. A term used to describe a material that burns slowly, or is self-extinguishing after removal of an external source of ignition. A conical package of yarn, usually wound on a disposable paper core. A broom. Fabrics impregnated with an adhesive and dielectric compounds. The fibers have low specific gravity, very low retention of moisture, the same tensile weight wet or dry, are resistant to mildew and insects. The angulation induced between a yarn and a woven fabric via the weaving or braiding process. Fibers may be 7 to 8 microns in diameter and more than 90% carbonized. He’s always in a suit.”. There is much vocabulary describing styles – stripes (thin bands of colour); polka dot (summery spots of colour), elegant is a term for smart, and smart casual usually means jacket and trousers, with open necked shirt for men, the term is looser for women. The change in length of a filament, yarn, or cord caused by twisting, expressed as a percentage of the original (untwisted) length. Weft Knitting – A common type of knitting, in which one continuous thread runs crosswise in the fabric making all of the loops in one course. {{courseNav.course.topics.length}} chapters | Course plain-weave fabric of uneven yarns that have a handspun appearance.

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